Apparatus for forming saggars or like hollow bowls.



No. 789,562. Q PATENTED MAY 9, .1905. W. POLK.

APPARATUS FOR FORMING SAGGARS 0R LIKE HOLLOW BOWLS.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 24, 1903. RENEWED DEG 10,1904.

W 5 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

Mfnesses:

PATENTED MAY 9, 1905.

W. POLK. APPARATUS FOR FORMING SAGGARS OR LIKE HOLLOW BOWLS.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 24. 1903. RENEWED DEG 10,1904.

5 SHEBTSSHEBT 2.

fnvenfor. W WM PATENTED MAY 9, 1905.

W. POLK.

APPARATUS FOR FORMING SAGGARS 0R LIKE HOLLOW BOWLSn APPLICATION FILEDJULY 24.1903. RENEWED DEC. 10, 1904.

5 SHEETSSHEET 3.

PATENTED MAY 9, 1905.

W. POLK. APPARATUS FOR FORMING SAGGARS OR LIKE HOLLOW BOWLS.

APPLIGATION FILED JULY 24. 1903. RENEWED DBO. 10, 1904. 5 SHEETS-SHEET4.

lair...-

No. 789,562. PATENTED MAY 1905. W. POLK. APPARATUS FOR FORMING SAGGARS0R LIKE HOLLOW BOWLS.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 24.1903. RENEWED DEG 10,1904.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

'l' A @444 a5 Patented May 9, 1905.

Warren drafts lhrrnur Orricn.

\\"'ILLIAl\'I POLK, OF EAST LIVERPOOL, OHIO.

APPARATUS FOR FORMING SAGIGAHS OR LIIKE HOLLOW BOWLS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 789,562, dated May 9,1905.

Application filed July 24, 1908. Renewed December 10, 1904. Serial No.236,894.

To (Y/ZZ/ whom fl; 'nmy emtmer/t:

Be it known that l, WILLIAM POLK, a resident of East Liverpool, in thecounty of Columbiana and. State of Ohio, have invented a new and usefulImprovement in Apparatus for Forming Saggars or Like Hollow Bowls; and Ido hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exactdescription thereof.

My invention relates to apparatus for forming saggars and other hollowbowls.

The obj cct of my invention is to provide a simple form of apparatus bymeans of which saggars or like hollow bowls may be quickly and.accurately formed into shape, so as to produce the same in largequantities and at reduced cost.

Another object of my invention is to provide for the formation ofapertures in the walls of the saggar during the process of molding sameto provide for the insertion of pegs or supports to support plates orlike ar ticles within the saggar where the saggar is used for such ware.

To these ends my invention comprises, generally stated, a suitable framewith a mold and a plunger, together with. mechanism for moving saidplunger and mold toward each other, the one entering within the other,so as to form the saggar between. the walls thereof, and means forwithdrawing the mold and plunger and for removing the saggar from saidplunger, all as fully hereinafter set forth and claimed.

My invention further comprises a frame within the mold carrying a seriesof pins and mechanism for forcing said pins outwardly through aperturesin the plunger and through the Walls of the saggar formed between theplunger and the outer mold.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I willdescribe the same more fully, referring to the accompanying drawings, inwhich.

Figure 1 is a vertical elevation of my im proved apparatus, showing theparts in position during the molding operation. Fig. 2 is a verticalsection taken at right angles to Fig. 1, showing the saggar formedtherein. Fig. 2-3 is a like view showing the plunger and mold withdrawnfrom each other and the saggar carried. by the plunger. Fig.4 is anenlarged view showing the manner of stripping the saggar from theplunger. Fig. 5 is an. enlarged view of one of the devices forpuncturing the ails of the saggar. Fig. 6 is a similar view showing thedevice .in the operation of puncturing the walls of the saggar. Fig. 7is a cross-section taken on the line 7 7, Fig. 3, and Fig. 8 is a planview of the apparatus.

Like .numeals indicate like parts in each. figure.

The numeral 2 designates a suitable standard supported upon the base 3.Vertical posts 41; are supported on the base 3, the upper end of saidposts having the cross-bars of the frame 5 connected thereto. Bearings 6in the frame form journals for the shaft .7, said shaft having thedouble crank 8. At the outer end of the shaft 7 is the gear-wheel 9,with which the pinion 10 meshes, said pinion being mounted on the shaft11, journaled in the frame. This shaft 11 is provided with the fast andloose pulleys 12 and 13, adapted to be driven by a belt from. anysuitable source of power.

Connected to the crank S is the pitman 14, said pitnian being connectedto the yoke 15, which is connected to the plunger or inner mold 16. Thisplunger or inner mold 16 may be of any desired form. according to theshape of the saggar or bowl to be formed thereby, and in the presentcase said. plunger is oblong in form with rounded ends, so as to conformto the shape and size of a platter which it is desired to supporttherein. The plunger or inner mold 16 has the inwardlyprojecting bottomflange 17 with a ring portion 18, which forms an offset or recess within which the false bottom 19 of the plunger fits. The bottom 19 has theopening .19, through which the supplemental plunger 19" passes, saidplunger moving up and down in the frame 19. A spring 19 bears againstthe plunger 19" and at its upper end against the frame 19 A set-screw 19regulates the tension of said. spring. The spring acts to force theplunger 19 down through the opening 19 111 advance of the bottom 19, andsald spring 1s strong enough to enable said plunger to force its wayinto the clay in advance of the regular plunger, so as to form apreliminary cavity in the clay and distribute the same to relieve thework of the regular plunger.

Connected to the false bottom 19 are the rods 20, which are connected attheir upper ends to the pusher or stripper 21, said stripper having thecollar 22, through which the pitman 14 passes. Secured to the lower endof the stripper 21 is the ring 23, which encircles the inner mold orplunger 16. A link 24 is connected to the collar 22 of the stripper 21,the lower end of said link being connected to the lever 25, said leverbeing pivoted at 26 to one of the posts 4. By raising and lowering thelever the stripper 21 is raised and lowered.

The outer mold 27 conforms in shape to the inner mold 16, a space 28remaining between the inner walls of the mold 17 and the outer wall ofthe mold 16, which space forms the mold-cavity for the saggar. The outermold 27 is provided with the guides 23, which engage the posts 4 toprovide for the vertical movement of the said mold, and levers 30 areconnected to said guides, said levers being provided with slots 31 attheir inner ends, which engage the pins on the guides 28 and arefulcrumed at on the support 34. The outer ends of said levers 30 areconnected by the rods 35 to the levers 36, connected to the pitman 14.By this construction it is apparent that as said pitman is lowered theouter mold 27 will be lifted to meet the downwardly-moving inner mold,so that the said inner mold enters within the outer mold, all as fullyhereinafter set forth.

Mounted upon the standard 2 is the rigid bottom plate 38, whichpartially supports the saggar, around \vhichplate 38 is the supplementalmovable bottom plate 37, adapted to fit snugly within the bottom openingof the outer mold 27. This movable bottom 37 is beveled, so as to lit upagainst the beveled seat 39 of rigid plate 38. To provide for thelowering of this movable portion 37 of the bottom plate, a lever 40 isprovided, said lever being pivoted at 41 and connected at its inner endto links 43, attached to cleats 43, secured to the movable bottom 37,the lever 40 being forked, as at 42, to pass on each side of standard 2.Upon operating the lever 40 the movable portion 37 of the bottom may belowered for the purpose fully hereinafter set forth, (to allow air toenter.)

\Vithin the inner mold 16, at proper points therein, are the perforatingdevices 45, said devices consisting of the two vertical blocks 46 47,the block 46 having the downwardlyinclined pegs 48 secured thereto atsuitable intervals, said pegs passing through corresponding openings 49in the outer block 47. A sliding block 50 fits within guides 50 in theblock 46, and said sliding block is connected to the block 47 by links47, so that by the vertical movement of block 50 the block 46 is movedto and from the block 47. Plates 51 are connected to the sliding blocks50 of each set of perforating devices, so that by the depression of oneof said plates the three perforating devices connected thereto will beoperated. Levers 51 are connected to each of said plates, and by theoperation of said levers said plates are lowered to force the block 46toward the block 47, and consequently force the pins 48 outwardlythrough openings 53 in the inner mold 16 and perforating the clay orother material forming the walls of the saggar.

In the operation of my improved apparatus the clay or other materialfrom which the saggar or bowl is to be formed is placed upon a bottomplate 38, whereupon power being applied to the machine the pitman 14descends, carrying with it the plunger or inner mold 16, while at thesame time through the connections from said pitman to the outer mold 27said outer mold is raised, and the inner mold entering within the outermold the clay is compressed and forced up around in the mold-cavity, soas to form the saggar of the same shape as the outline of the molds.When the saggar has been thus formed, the

51, whereupon the pins 48 perforate the walls of the saggar. Thedepressing-plates 51 are then elevated and the pins 48 withdrawn. By thenext revolution of the shaft 7 the pitman 14 and inner mold 16 areraised, while at the same time the outer mold 27 is lowered, the saggarremaining in contact with the walls of the inner mold. However, beforethe molds are separated the lever 40 is operated to lower the movablebottom 37 slightly, so as to permit the air to enter the moldcavity andpermit the withdrawal of the molds without injury to the saggar. Thesaggar, as stated, adheres to the walls of the inner mold, and in orderto strip the saggar therefrom the lever 25 is drawn down to the positionshown in Fig. 4, whereupon the stripper 21 descends, and the ring 23bearing upon the upper edge of the saggar strips it from the walls ofthe inner inold, while at the same time the false bottom 19 descendswith said stripper and assists in the stripping of the saggar from themold. By raising the lever 25 the stripping-frame is elevated and thesaggar may be readily removed.

By the above form of apparatus I provide a means for manufacturingsaggars with great rapidity and accuracy, there being no skilled laboremployed, and the saggars are turned out in greater numbers and at lesscost. The machine provides for the puncturing of the walls of the saggarfor the reception of the pins for supporting the plates or like articlesto be held within the saggar, and the laborof puncturing the walls ofthe levers 51 are operated to depress the plates 9 saggar by hand isavoided,while at the same time much greater accuracy in the forming ofthe apertures is obtained.

What I claim is 1. In apparatus for forming saggars or like hollowbowls, the combination with a suitable frame, of a shaft journaledtherein, a double crank on said shaft, a pitman connected to said crank,an inner mold connected to said pitman, an outer mold, and connectionsbetween said outer mold and said pitman whereby said outer mold is movedin an opposite direction to said inner mold.

2. In apparatus for forming saggars or like hollow bowls, thecombination with a suitable frame, of an inner reciprocating mold, anouter reciprocating mold, mechanism for bringing said molds intooperative position with reference to each other, a movable ring in thebottom of said outer mold forming the outer rim of said. bottom, andmeans for lowering said ring away from the article molded.

3. In. apparatus for forming saggars or like hollow bowls, thecombination with a suitable frame, of an inner reciprocating mold, an.outer reciprocating mold, mechanism for bringing said molds intooperative position with reference to each other, a movable portion inthe bottom of said outer mold and means for lowering said movableportion.

4. In apparatus for forming saggars or like hollow bowls, thecombination with a suitable frame, of an inner reciprocating mold, anouter reciprocating mold, mechanism for bringing said molds intooperative position with reference to each other, a movable portion inthe bottom of said outer mold, rods projecting down from said movableportion, a ring connecting said rods and a lever eonnected to said. ringfor raising and lowering said movable portion.

5. In apparatus for forming saggars or like hollow bowls, thecombination with a suitable frame, of an inner reciprocating mold, anouter reciprocating mold, mechanism for bringing said molds intooperative position. with reference to each other, a strippingframe, astripping-ring secured to said frame and encircling said inner mold, andmechanism for raising and lowering said stripperframe.

6. In apparatus for forming saggars or like hollow bowls, thecombination with a suitable frame, of an inner reciprocating mold, anouter reciprocating mold, a rod connected to said inner mold,connections between said rod and suitable reciprocating mechanism, astripper-frai'ne through which said l'od passes, and a stripping-ring onsaid frame encircling said inner mold, a lever and connections betweensaid lever and. said stripping-frame.

7. In apparatus for forming saggars or like hollow bowls, thecombination with a suitable frame, of an inner reciprocating mold, anouter mold, a movable bottom on said inner mold and means for raisingand lowering said bottom independently of said inner mold.

8. In. apparatus for forming saggars or like hollow bowls, thecombination with a suit able frame, of an inner reciprocating mold, an.outer mold, a vertically movable frame and a movable bottom on saidinner mold connected to said frame.

9. In apparatus for forming saggars or like hollow bowls, thecombination with a suitable frame, of an inner reciprocating mold, anouter mold, a vertically-movable strip per-frame, and a movable bottomon said inner mold connected to said stripper-frame.

10. In apparatus for formii'ig saggars or like hollow bowls, thecombination with a suitable mold, of a plunger, and an upwardlyyieldingsupplemental plunger in advance of said first-named plunger.

11. In apparatus for forming saggars or like hollow bowls, thecombination with a suitable mold, of a plunger having an open ing in thebottom thereof, and an upwardlyyielding supplemental. plunger adapted topass through said opening.

12. In apparatus for forming saggars or like hollow bowls, theeombii'iation with a suitable mold, of a plunger having an opening inthe bottom. thereof, and a springactu ated upwardly-movable supilelnental plun ger in advance of said first-named plunger.

13. In apparatus for forming saggars or like hollow bowls, thecombination with a suitable mold, of a plunger having an openingtherein, an upwardly-movable supplemental plunger adapted to passthrough said. opening, a frame for said plunger and a spring interposedbetween said supplemental plunger and said frame.

14. In apparatus for forming saggars or like hollow bowls, thecombinatioi'i with a suitable mold, of a plunger having a movable bottomwith an opening formed therein, means for raising and lowering saidbottom and a supplemental. plunger passing thrr'iugh said opening insaid bottom.

15. In apparatus for forming saggars or like hollow bowls, thecombii'iation with a suitable mold, of a plunger having a movable bottomwith an opening formed therein, means for raising and lowering saidbottom, and a yielding supplemental plunger passing through an openingin said bottom. i

16. In apparatus for forming saggars or like hollow bowls, thecombination of a mold, and mechanism for penetrating from the inside thewalls of the saggar formed therein.

17. In apparatus for forming saggars, or like hollow bowls, thecombination of a mold, and mechanism for forming inclined pinholes inthe walls of the saggar form ed therein from the inside.

18. In apparatus for forming saggars or like hollow bowls, thecombination of a mold having openings in the wall thereof, amovableframe within said mold, pins on said frame, and means for forcing saidpins through said openings to penetrate the saggar.

19. In apparatus for forming saggars or like hollow bowls, thecombination of a mold having inclined openings in the wall thereof, amovable frame in said mold, pins on said frame, and means for forcingsaid pins throughsaid openings to penetrate the saggar.

20. In apparatus for forming saggars or like hollow bowls, thecombination of a mold having openings in the wall thereof, pinsregistering with said openings and means for forcing said pins from theinside through said openings to penetrate the walls of the saggar.

21. In apparatus for forming saggars or like hollow bowls, thecombination of a mold having inclined openings in the wall thereof,inclined pins registering with said openings, and means for forcing saidpins from the inside through said openings to penetrate the walls of thesaggar.

22. In apparatus for forming saggars or like hollow bowls, thecombination of a mold having openings in the wall thereof, a block, pinssecured in said block, a second block adjacent to said first blockhaving openings through which. said pins pass, and means for moving saidfirst block toward said second block.

23. In apparatus for forming saggars or like hollow bowls, thecombination of a mold having openings in the walls thereof, a block,pins in said block, a second block adjacent to said first block havingopenings through which said pins pass, a sliding block on said firstblock, and connections between said sliding block and said second block.

24. In apparatus for forming saggars or like hollow bowls, thecombination of a mold having openings in the walls thereof, a block,pins on said block, a second block adjacent to said first block havingopenings through which said pins pass, asliding block on said firstblock, links connecting said sliding block and said second block.

In apparatus for forming saggars or like hollow bowls, the combinationof a mold having openings in the walls thereof, a block, pins in saidblock, a second block adjacent to S2LICI fiISt block having openingsthrough which said pins pass, a sliding block on said first block, andconnections between said sliding block and said second block, andmechanism for raising and lowering said sliding block.

26. In apparatus for forming saggars or like hollow bowls, thecombination of a mold having openings in the walls thereof, a blockhaving guides therein, pins on said block, a second block adjacent tosaid first block having openings through which said pins pass, a slidingblock moving in said guides, and connections between said sliding blockand said second block.

27. In apparatus for forming saggars, or like hollow bowls, thecombination of a mold having openings in the walls thereof, two or moreblocks within said mold, pins on said blocks adapted to enter saidopenings, connections between said blocks, and a lever adapted tooperate said blocks to force said pins through said openings.

In testimony whereof I, the said IILLIAM PoLK, have hereunto set myhand.

IVILLIAM POLK.

Witnesses:

A. M. STEEN, RoB'r. D. TOTTEN.

